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1 щёлочноземельный элемент
Русско-английский физический словарь > щёлочноземельный элемент
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2 щелочноземельный элемент
Русско-английский новый политехнический словарь > щелочноземельный элемент
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3 щёлочноземельный элемент
Metallurgy: alkaline-earth element, earthy elementУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > щёлочноземельный элемент
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4 elemento alcalino-terroso
[CHIM]Dizionario chimica Italiano-Inglese > elemento alcalino-terroso
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5 химический элемент группы II
химический элемент группы II
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
element of group II (alkaline earth metals)
Any of the divalent electropositive metals beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium, belonging to group 2A of the periodic table. (Source: CED)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > химический элемент группы II
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6 элемент из группы щелочно-земельных металлов
[lang name="Russian"]переходный элемент, переходный металл — transition element
Русско-английский научный словарь > элемент из группы щелочно-земельных металлов
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7 magnesium
n. <I>(also: <B>Mg</B>)</I> magnesium, alkaline earth metal element, light silvery metallic element -
8 strontium
n. <I>(also: <B>Sr</B>)</I> strontium, alkaline earth metal element, soft silvery metallic element -
9 bari
[Swahili Word] bari[English Word] barium[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 9[Dialect] recent[English Definition] a silver-white malleable toxic bivalent metallic element of the alkaline-earth group that occurs only in combination (identified 1808)[Terminology] chemistry------------------------------------------------------------ -
10 kalisi
[Swahili Word] kalisi[English Word] calcium[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 9[Dialect] recent[English Definition] a silver-white bivalent metallic element of the alkaline-earth group occurring only in combination (identified 1808)[Terminology] chemistry------------------------------------------------------------ -
11 stronti
[Swahili Word] stronti[English Word] strontium[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 9[Dialect] recent[English Definition] a soft malleable ductile metallic element of the alkaline-earth group occurring only in combination and used especially in color TV tubes, in crimson fireworks, and in the production of some ferrites (identified 1808)[Terminology] chemistry------------------------------------------------------------ -
12 barium
n. <I>(also: <B>Ba</B>)</I> barium, alkaline earth metal element -
13 beryllium
n. <I>(also: <B>Be</B>)</I> beryllium, alkaline earth metal element -
14 radium
n. <I>(also: <B>Ra</B>)</I> radium, alkaline earth metal element -
15 Davy, Sir Humphry
[br]b. 17 December 1778 Penzance, Cornwall, Englandd. 29 May 1829 Geneva, Switzerland[br]English chemist, discoverer of the alkali and alkaline earth metals and the halogens, inventor of the miner's safety lamp.[br]Educated at the Latin School at Penzance and from 1792 at Truro Grammar School, Davy was apprenticed to a surgeon in Penzance. In 1797 he began to teach himself chemistry by reading, among other works, Lavoisier's elementary treatise on chemistry. In 1798 Dr Thomas Beddoes of Bristol engaged him as assistant in setting up his Pneumatic Institution to pioneer the medical application of the newly discovered gases, especially oxygen.In 1799 he discovered the anaesthetic properties of nitrous oxide, discovered not long before by the chemist Joseph Priestley. He also noted its intoxicating qualities, on account of which it was dubbed "laughing-gas". Two years later Count Rumford, founder of the Royal Institution in 1800, appointed Davy Assistant Lecturer, and the following year Professor. His lecturing ability soon began to attract large audiences, making science both popular and fashionable.Davy was stimulated by Volta's invention of the voltaic pile, or electric battery, to construct one for himself in 1800. That enabled him to embark on the researches into electrochemistry by which is chiefly known. In 1807 he tried decomposing caustic soda and caustic potash, hitherto regarded as elements, by electrolysis and obtained the metals sodium and potassium. He went on to discover the metals barium, strontium, calcium and magnesium by the same means. Next, he turned his attention to chlorine, which was then regarded as an oxide in accordance with Lavoisier's theory that oxygen was the essential component of acids; Davy failed to decompose it, however, even with the aid of electricity and concluded that it was an element, thus disproving Lavoisier's view of the nature of acids. In 1812 Davy published his Elements of Chemical Philosophy, in which he presented his chemical ideas without, however, committing himself to the atomic theory, recently advanced by John Dalton.In 1813 Davy engaged Faraday as Assistant, perhaps his greatest service to science. In April 1815 Davy was asked to assist in the development of a miner's lamp which could be safely used in a firedamp (methane) laden atmosphere. The "Davy lamp", which emerged in January 1816, had its flame completely surrounded by a fine wire mesh; George Stephenson's lamp, based on a similar principle, had been introduced into the Northumberland pits several months earlier, and a bitter controversy as to priority of invention ensued, but it was Davy who was awarded the prize for inventing a successful safety lamp.In 1824 Davy was the first to suggest the possibility of conferring cathodic protection to the copper bottoms of naval vessels by the use of sacrificial electrodes. Zinc and iron were found to be equally effective in inhibiting corrosion, although the scheme was later abandoned when it was found that ships protected in this way were rapidly fouled by weeds and barnacles.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1812. FRS 1803; President, Royal Society 1820. Royal Society Copley Medal 1805.Bibliography1812, Elements of Chemical Philosophy.1839–40, The Collected Works of Sir Humphry Davy, 9 vols, ed. John Davy, London.Further ReadingJ.Davy, 1836, Memoirs of the Life of Sir Humphry Davy, London (a classic biography). J.A.Paris, 1831, The Life of Sir Humphry Davy, London (a classic biography). H.Hartley, 1967, Humphry Davy, London (a more recent biography).J.Z.Fullmer, 1969, Cambridge, Mass, (a bibliography of Davy's works).ASD -
16 сплав переходных металлов
переходный элемент, переходный металл — transition element
Русско-английский новый политехнический словарь > сплав переходных металлов
См. также в других словарях:
Alkaline earth metal — Group 2 Period 2 4 Be 3 … Wikipedia
alkaline-earth metal — /al keuh luyn errth , lin /, Chem. any of the group of bivalent metals including barium, radium, strontium, calcium, and, usually, magnesium, the hydroxides of which are alkalis but less soluble than those of the alkali metals. [1900 05] * * * ▪… … Universalium
alkaline-earth metal — noun any of the bivalent metals of group II of the periodic table (calcium or strontium or barium or magnesium or beryllium) • Syn: ↑alkaline earth • Hypernyms: ↑metallic element, ↑metal * * * noun : any of the metals of group II of the periodic… … Useful english dictionary
alkaline earth — noun any of the bivalent metals of group II of the periodic table (calcium or strontium or barium or magnesium or beryllium) • Syn: ↑alkaline earth metal • Hypernyms: ↑metallic element, ↑metal … Useful english dictionary
rare-earth element — /rair errth /, Chem. any of a group of closely related metallic elements, comprising the lanthanides, scandium, and yttrium, that are chemically similar by virtue of having the same number of valence electrons. Also called rare earth metal. [1955 … Universalium
Rare earth element — Rare earth ore, shown with a United States penny for size comparison These rare … Wikipedia
earth — [ʉrth] n. [ME erthe < OE eorthe, akin to Ger erde < IE base * er > Gr era, earth, Welsh erw, field] 1. [often E ] the planet that we live on; terrestrial globe: it is the fifth largest planet of the solar system and the third in distance … English World dictionary
earth — /errth/, n. 1. (often cap.) the planet third in order from the sun, having an equatorial diameter of 7926 mi. (12,755 km) and a polar diameter of 7900 mi. (12,714 km), a mean distance from the sun of 92.9 million mi. (149.6 million km), and a… … Universalium
Earth (chemistry) — The chemical term earths was historically applied to certain chemical substances, once thought to be elements, and this name was borrowed from one of the four classical elements of Plato. Earths later turned out to be chemical compounds, albeit… … Wikipedia
element — 1. A substance composed of atoms of only one kind, i.e., of identical atomic (proton) number, that therefore cannot be decomposed into two or more elements and that can lose its chemical properties only by union with some other e. or by a nuclear … Medical dictionary
earth — /ɜθ / (say erth) noun 1. (often upper case) the planet which we inhabit, the third in order from the sun. Its period of revolution is 1 year, and its mean distance from the sun 149 597 870 km. Its diameter is 12 756 km. It has one satellite, the… …